What is Article 4 of the EU AI Act?
Article 4 is the AI literacy provision of the EU AI Act. It requires organisations that develop or use AI systems to take measures to support the AI literacy of their staff and others who use AI systems on their behalf. It has applied since 2 February 2025 and was rewritten by Regulation (EU) 2026/1744 with effect from 27 July 2026.
The current wording
Providers and deployers of AI systems shall take measures to support the development of AI literacy of their staff and other persons dealing with the operation and use of AI systems on their behalf, taking into account their technical knowledge, experience, education and training and the context the AI systems are to be used in, and considering the persons or groups of persons on whom the AI systems are to be used.
It also states that the obligation does not require guaranteeing any specific level of AI literacy of any individual.
What changed in 2026
The original 2024 text required measures to ensure, to the best extent, a sufficient level of AI literacy. The amended text requires measures to support the development of AI literacy. The duty remains; the reference to a “sufficient level” is gone.
The amendment also asks the Commission and Member States to support organisations, in particular SMEs, and requires the Commission to publish practical examples of how to comply.
Who it applies to
Providers (who develop AI systems or place them on the market) and deployers (who use an AI system under their authority in a professional context). A company whose employees use AI tools for work is typically a deployer.
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